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The creation of 39 Mixed Arbitral Tribunals ('MATs') was a major contribution of the post-World War I peace treaties to the development of international adjudication. With over 90 000 claims handled, the MATs were the busiest international courts of the interwar period. Moreover, in a departure from most other international courts and tribunals at that time, they allowed individuals to file claims against sovereign states before them. After 1945, they inspired the creators of the European Court of Justice before disappearing into quasi-oblivion. Relying on legal and historical research, including new archival findings, this volume is specifically dedicated to these pioneering institutions.

Civil procedure (International law) --- International courts --- History.

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This work analyzes the jurisdictional powers of international tribunals in certain areas of fundamental significance and importance. It clarifies how tribunals and consensual arrangements have approached problems and which general principles may have emerged. Special aspects of jurisdiction of some particular tribunals have been studied in greater detail. These are: the Permanent Court of International Justice and the International Court of Justice, the ICSID arbitration tribunals, the administrative tribunals covering disputes between international organizations and their employees, the European Court of Human Rights and the European Court of Justice. The choice of these tribunals has been based on the distinctive character of each one of them in the context of modern international legal relations. This work will be of interest to practitioners involved in the current practice of these courts and tribunals as well as academics studying the more general principles.

Competence competence --- International courts --- Jurisdiction (International law) --- Domestic jurisdiction --- International jurisdiction --- Jurisdiction, Domestic --- Jurisdiction, International --- Arbitration (International law) --- International tribunals --- Tribunals, International --- Courts --- International courts.

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This book studies how victims of human rights violations in Latin America, their families, and their advocates work to overcome entrenched impunity and seek legal justice. Their struggles show that legal justice is a multifaceted process, the overarching purpose of which is to restore human dignity and prevent further violence. Uncovering, revealing, and proving the truth are essential elements of legal justice, and are also powerful tools to activate the process. When faced with stubborn impunity at home, victims, families, and advocates can carry on their work for legal justice by bringing cases in courts in other countries or in the inter-American human rights system. These extra-territorial courts can jump-start the process of legal justice at home. Seeking Human Rights Justice in Latin America examines the political and legal struggle through the lens of the human story at the heart of these cases.

International human rights courts --- Human rights courts, International --- International courts --- Law --- General and Others

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Fragmentation has been much discussed as a threat to international law as a legal system. This book contends that the fragmentation of international law is far exceeded by its convergence, as international bodies find ways to account for each other and the interactions of emerging sub-fields. Reasserting its role as the 'principal judicial organ of the United Nations', the International Court of Justice has ensured that the centre of international law can and does hold. This process has strengthened a trend towards the reunification of international law. In order to explore this process, this book looks at fragmentation and convergence from the point of view of the centre of the International Court and of the position of other courts and tribunals. Featuring contributions by leading international lawyers from a range of backgrounds, this volume proposes both a new take and the last word on the fragmentation debate in international law.

International law --- International courts --- International law. --- International courts. --- International tribunals --- Tribunals, International --- Courts --- Jurisdiction (International law) --- Law of nations --- Nations, Law of --- Public international law --- Law --- LAW / International. --- Law / international.

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Zusammenfassung Armin von Bogdandy und Ingo Venzke stellten mit “In Whose Name?” bereits 2014 die grundsätzliche Frage nach der Legitimität internationaler Gerichtshöfe. Der vorliegende Band führt die Debatte weiter: Woraus schöpfen internationale Organisationen und Gerichte ihre Legitimität und wie tragen sie zur Demokratisierung des Völkerrechts bei? Wie steht es um die demokratische Legitimität internationaler Menschenrechtsgerichtshöfe? Der Band bietet eine breite Diskussion zu aktuellen Fragen des internationalen Rechts. Abstract These texts on the legitimacy of international courts were framed as a direct reaction to arguments put forward in the book “In Whose Name?” by Armin von Bogdandy und Ingo Venzke. The subjects ranged from a comparison between international organizations and international courts and how they can contribute to democratize international law to assessing the democratic legitimacy of international human rights courts. Therefore the collection is dealing with both theoretical and practical questions regarding the legitimacy of international courts and how such problems relate to fundamental problems of our times.

Transnationale Gerichtsbarkeit --- Arbitration --- Internationale Gerichte --- Legitimität von Schiedsgerichten --- approaches to international judicial legitimacy --- ITLOS --- Internationales Recht --- Demokratiedefizit --- International Court of Justice --- international courts --- legitimacy and authority of international courts --- Schiedsgerichtbarkeit --- democratic legitimacy --- dispute resolution